Students will be taught how empirical studies can be understood, discussed and criticized. Students will be introduced to the basics of descriptive and inferential statistics by implementing and evaluating their own empirical study. For this purpose, students will build upon their work from the 1st part of this course in the Winter Semester where they have developed self-completion questionnaires, with data collections running during the semester break.

Students will learn how to prepare data-masks and data entries, and how to analyse and interpret data. (For data analysis the statistic software SPSS will be used. SPSS is a widely used program for statistical analysis in social science, in market and health research, and other areas of statistical data analysis.

Summing up, the content of the summer semester will be:

- Data handling, data mask, data entry

- Electronically supported data analysis (important statistical characteristics and representation forms, filter setting, classification, recoding of variables, correlation and reliability analysis, indexing, diversity tests, etc.) We will use SPSS.

- Interpretation of the results

For the successful participation of the course, the following criteria must be fulfilled:

- regular attendance (at least 80%);

- timely completion of the assignments and exercises provided throughout the course;

- timely submission of coded dataset and final paper covering the analysis and hypothesis-driven interpretation of one's own data set

submission deadline for final paper : 6 July 2026